Surgeons perform bariatric surgery to assist individuals in losing weight and addressing obesity-related health issues. Typically, healthcare providers consider this option for people with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher or a BMI of 35 or higher with significant obesity-related health problems. Moreover, bariatric surgery can be effective in reducing the risk of various life-threatening weight-related health problems, including:

• Type 2 Diabetes: Bariatric surgery has been shown to improve or resolve type 2 diabetes in many patients, often leading to a significant reduction in the need for medication.
• Heart Disease: Excess weight is a risk factor for heart disease. Bariatric surgery can help reduce this risk by promoting weight loss and improving cardiovascular health.
• High Blood Pressure: Obesity is a major contributor to hypertension. Bariatric surgery can lead to a significant reduction in blood pressure, decreasing the risk of cardiovascular events.
• Sleep Apnea: Obesity is a common cause of sleep apnea. Weight loss resulting from bariatric surgery can alleviate or improve this condition.
• Joint Problems: The excess weight puts extra stress on joints, thereby contributing to conditions such as osteoarthritis. Bariatric surgery can alleviate joint pain by reducing the load on these structures.
• Infertility: Obesity can contribute to hormonal imbalances and fertility issues. Weight loss after bariatric surgery may improve fertility in some individuals.
• Certain Cancers: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, including breast, colon, and pancreatic cancer. Bariatric surgery may reduce this risk.
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Bariatric surgery can lead to a reduction in symptoms of GERD, which is common in individuals with obesity.
• Mental Health: Obesity is frequently linked to mental health conditions, such as depression and anxiety. Additionally, bariatric surgery may contribute to improvements in mental well-being.